Rare skin diseases

By Dr. Pascal Bafteh, board-certified dermatologist and internist · Updated 10/2026

In the EU, a disease is considered rare if it affects no more than 5 in 10,000 people. This list contains the 64 diagnoses of our reference for which Orphanet reports a prevalence in this range – with a picture and a link to the full page.

All skin diseases from A to Z →

← All skin diseases from A to Z

Skin tumours (5)

Inflammatory skin diseases (11)

Allergies (1)

Parasitic skin diseases (1)

Environmental & photodermatoses (2)

Blistering diseases (11)

Connective tissue diseases (5)

Hereditary skin diseases (18)

Vascular skin disorders (5)

Pigmentation disorders (1)

Metabolic skin disorders (4)

Source and selection

Prevalence classes: Orphanet, Orphadata products 1 and 9 (version 23 June 2026, CC BY 4.0), matched on 29 October 2026. Shown is the point prevalence (birth prevalence for congenital conditions), preferably validated values for Europe or worldwide; where these are missing, the validated value of one European country – the country is then given. Classes are reformatted. For pages on the skin form of a disease (e.g. cutaneous sarcoidosis), the class of the whole disease applies. Not included are diagnoses for which Orphanet gives no prevalence class or whose page cannot be matched unambiguously to one Orphanet entry – they may still be rare. This list is no substitute for medical advice.