CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (Lip 2010)
CHA₂DS₂-VASc was described in 2010 by Lip et al. as the "Birmingham 2009 schema" in the Euro Heart Survey to estimate stroke and thromboembolism risk in atrial fibrillation. The calculator shows the score (0–9).
⚠︎ Learning tool for medical education – not for use in patients or for treatment decisions.
Classification (original publication)
| Score | Classification (original publication) |
|---|---|
| 0 | 0 points |
| 1 | 1 point |
| ≥ 2 | 2 or more points – in the original cohort the thromboembolism rate rose with the score (Lip 2010) |
The criteria
C, H, D and V score 1 point each; stroke/TIA/thromboembolism (S₂) and age 75 years or older (A₂) score 2 points each. Age 65–74 years (A) and female sex (Sc, sex category) score 1 point each. The maximum is 9 because the two age bands are mutually exclusive.
Original study
In 2010, Lip et al. compared several risk schemes in a real-world cohort of 1,084 patients with atrial fibrillation from the Euro Heart Survey. Expressed as a scoring system, CHA₂DS₂-VASc showed an increase in thromboembolism rate with increasing score (P for trend = .003); no thromboembolic events occurred among those classified as low risk.
CHA₂DS₂-VASc and CHA₂DS₂-VA
The 2024 ESC guideline uses CHA₂DS₂-VA without the sex category. To practise the current guideline version, use the CHA₂DS₂-VA calculator; this page reflects the original 2010 version.
FAQ
What is the maximum CHA₂DS₂-VASc?▾
9 points: C 1 + H 1 + age ≥ 75 years 2 + D 1 + S₂ 2 + V 1 + Sc 1.
What is the difference from CHA₂DS₂-VA?▾
CHA₂DS₂-VA (ESC 2024) omits the sex category and ranges from 0 to 8 points. All other criteria are identical.
What does "VASc" stand for?▾
V for vascular disease, A for age 65–74 years and Sc for sex category, i.e. female sex.
References
- Lip GY et al. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the Euro Heart Survey on atrial fibrillation. Chest 2010;137:263–72. · PubMed
- Van Gelder IC et al. 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2024;45:3314–414. · PubMed
More Internal medicine calculators
All calculators in the app
InnereFuchs bundles Wells, CHA₂DS₂-VA, HAS-BLED, CRB-65, qSOFA, Child-Pugh, eGFR and more – together with flashcards and exam questions.
Open in browser Download on the App StoreIntended purpose: learning tool for medical education only. Not intended for use in patients or for diagnostic or treatment decisions; not a medical device. Calculations follow the cited original publications; no guarantee of completeness or correctness. Last updated: 10/2026 · Dr. Pascal Bafteh